要旨：本研究は戦後日本の人口移動と経済成長の相互依存関係を分析するため、立地の最適決定を含む２地域の経済成長モデルを構築した。分析の結果、人口移動は日本全体、三大都市圏の一人当たり所得の成長率を加速させた一方、非三大都市圏のそれを減衰させたことが明らかになった。また、高い経済成長率は長期的には人口移動を加速させるが、短期的にはそうでないことが示され、クズネッツの経済成長と人口移動の関係についての仮説に非線形性があることが示唆された。その他、両者の関係を説明する上で産業構造の変化が重要であること、それに伴った移動費用の減少が世代間の不公平を生じさせうることが示唆された。

要旨：The welfare effects of capital market integration are examined under a model of tax competition with two asymmetric countries. The asymmetry is expressed through labor market institution; one country has perfect labor market, whereas the other country is unionized. Our results show that the welfare effects of capital market integration are different depending on whether governments play an active role for attracting capital: in the absence of active governments, the capital market integration benefits a country with competitive labor market and harms the unionized country. If the governments are active and competes for mobile capital by using tax/subsidy instrument, the market integration benefits both countries. The government's incentive to participate in tax/subsidy game is also examined in the integrated capital market. We find that the unionized country always prefers to participate tax/subsidy game, but the non-unionized country avoids the game if it is a capital-importer.

要旨：In this paper, we discuss under which conditions the subcenter that links to the CBD area in terms of land market forms when there exist agglomeration economies. Besides, the effects of FAR regulation on urban configuration are described. FAR depicted in this paper is substituted for the number of the CBD workers. Then, using bid-rent function approach, the equilibrium systems with both the unbinding and binding FAR regulations are solved. And also the optimal urban configuration is described when the government can control the growth level of the CBD. Main results are as follows: If transport cost is more highly evaluated than agglomeration economies, (i) as the agglomeration economies are weaker, a subcenter tends to form; (ii) the improvement of transportation system makes it difficult for a subcenter to form. Furthermore, if agglomeration economies is more highly evaluated than transport cost, FAR deregulation expands the city boundary, which is the opposite outcome of Bertaud and Brueckner [2005].

要旨：We examine commuting in a game-theoretic setting with a continuum of commuters. Commuters' home and work locations can be heterogeneous. The transport network is arbitrary but exogenous. Traffic speed is determined by link capacity and by local congestion at a time and place along a link, where local congestion at a time and place is endogenous. Cars can catch up with others and slow them down. After formulating a static model, where consumers choose only routes to work, and a dynamic model, where they also choose departure times, we describe and examine existence of Nash equilibrium in both models and show that they differ, so prior claims about equivalence of the two models are false. Optima are shown to exist for both the static and dynamic models and are found to be different from the Nash equilibria in the respective models. Then it is shown via the folk theorem that for sufficiently large discount factors the repeated dynamic model has as equilibrium any strategy that is achievable in the one shot game with choice of departure times, including the efficient ones. A similar result holds for the static model, restricting to strategies in the one shot game that yield individually rational payoffs. Applicability of the anti-folk theorem is also discussed. In the end, our results pose a challenge to congestion pricing. Finally, we examine evidence from St. Louis to determine what equilibrium strategies are actually played in the repeated game.

要旨：This paper investigates the impacts of progressive trade openness, technological externalities, and heterogeneity of individuals on the formation of entrepreneurship in a two-country occupation choice model. We show that trade opening gives rise to a non-monotonic process of international specialization, in which the share of entrepreneurial firms in the large (small) country first increases (decreases) and then decreases (increases), with the global economy exhibiting first de-industrialization and then re-industrialization. When countries have the same size, we also show that strong technological externalities make the symmetric equilibrium unstable, generating equilibrium multiplicity, while sufficient heterogeneity of individuals leads to the stability and uniqueness of the symmetric equilibrium.

要旨：地域間格差は、経済学・地域科学における最も大きな関心事項の一つであり、我が国を対象とした実証研究も膨大な数に上る。しかしながらそれらの研究の大半はジニ係数やタイル尺度などの統計量に関する考察か、所得の収束仮説に関する検証を行ったものであり、所得の空間分布に重点を置いて考察した例は極めて少ない。本研究では、我が国の市町村単位の所得データを様々な空間統計手法を用いて分析することにより、地域間の所得格差の動向を従来とは異なる視点から考察することを目的とする。

要旨：空間データに関して、ゾーン設定が分析結果に影響を及ぼす問題は、可変単位地区問題（MAUP）と呼ばれる。MAUPによって空間統計モデルは、パラメータが有意とならなかったり、期待した符号が得られない場合がある。本研究は、空間集計行列を用いることによって、同一の分析対象地域に対してゾーン設定を変更した場合にも、安定したパラメータ推計値が得られる空間統計モデルを提案し、実証分析した結果を報告する。

要旨：In this paper, I construct a two-country general equilibrium model in which oligopolistic firms export goods and undertake cost-reducing R&D investment. Each country imposes tariffs. When the cost of education is sufficiently high, an increase in the tariff rate decreases the level of R&D investment. On the other hand, when the cost of education is sufficiently small, an increase in the tariff rate increases the level of R&D investment.