要旨：With the tremendous progress of technology in recent years, the automation of production is proceeding. Moreover, it is said that the development of artificial intelligence will accelerate production automation in the future. Does automation bring growth or decline of the regions? In order to investigate the problem, this paper constructs a measure which shows how much impact of automation each state has. The measure is used to analyze the effect of automation on interstate migration in the period 2004 - 2015. It is shown that people migrate to a state with more impact of automation. Especially, skilled occupations and some unskilled occupations, which is related to skilled occupations, tend to migrate. These results suggest that automation may accelerate agglomeration of skilled occupations.

要旨：This paper builds on the canonical model of city systems with micro-foundations in terms of input sharing. This model is amended so that the production of local intermediates goes along with emissions in addition to labor. This modification affects the balance between agglomeration economies and crowding costs in favor of the latter. Emissions may have a negative impact on the welfare of consumers locally and globally for the entire city system. National and local governments are assumed to be benevolent and set environmental policies which take the negative effect of emissions on consumers into account. The paper characterizes and compares the social optimum with the allocations under local governments and land developers, allowing for environmental policies to be set either nationally or in decentralized fashion.

要旨：We examine the fine microstructure of commuting in a game-theoretic setting with a continuum of commuters. Commuters' home and work locations can be heterogeneous. A commuter transport network is exogenous. Traffic speed is determined by link capacity and by local congestion at a time and place along a link, where local congestion at a time and place is endogenous. The model can be reinterpreted to apply to congestion on the internet. We find sufficient conditions for existence of equilibrium, that multiple equilibria are ubiquitous, and that the welfare properties of morning and evening commute equilibria differ.

要旨：Until Bengal Province in British India was partitioned in 1947, the region was ruled as British India. This study quantitatively explores the changing population geography in Bengal, with a particular focus on the events of 1947 (Partition of India) and 1971 (Independence of Bangladesh). Based on decadal census data from 1901 to 2001 at the district level, this paper examines how trends in regional population growth evolved with such historical events. Following Redding and Sturm (2008), Differences-in-Differences estimation is also employed here and the events of 1947 and 1971 are taken as the subjects of the test. Estimation results show that there were different shocks on both sides and from both events. In West Bengal, the change in the regional population trends occurred in 1947 and remained similar thereafter. On the other hand, in East Bengal, this did not occur in 1947, but did occur in 1971. Further robustness checks show that the impacts were not uniform with respect to the distance from the border. Overall analyses show that the emergence of the international border in Bengal had asymmetric impacts on both sides of the population geography. The results suggest that changes in the population geography reflect the degree of tensions over the border.

要旨：2011年3月に発生した東日本大震災は、日本に多大なる被害をもたらした。そして、その予想を上回る被害の大きさは、被災地住民に物理的かつ精神的なショックを与えた。こうした大規模な自然災害は、人々の選好、および、意思決定を変化させる可能性があると考えられる。そこで、本研究は出生率に焦点を当て、東日本大震災による人々の意思決定への影響を検証することを目的とする。そのため、市区町村のパネルデータを用いて、Difference-in-Differenceにより、震災前後の出生に関わる意思決定の変化を推定した。その結果、被災地はそうでない地域と比較して出生率が有意に減少したことが分かった。

要旨：This paper proposes a new approach to estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) for each attribute of alternatives. Our approach is based on a new conjoint-survey experiment design (Hainmueller, et., al. 2013) and empirical welfare-analysis (Bhattacharya 2015), which allows us to nonparametrically estimate the distribution of WTP without strong assumptions on individual preference. Moreover, if the utility is assumed as the quasi-linear form, the lower and upper bounds of the average WTP can be estimated with limited sample size. We illustrate our approach with the conjoint-survey data on Japanese young workers. Our estimation results show that they have higher WTP for working location, promotion opportunity, transfer, and over-time workings than other attributes.