要旨：The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of slot trading on route competition at the UK’s Gatwick and Heathrow airports. In 2008, the EC clarified the acceptance of slot trading in the EU. Free slot trading is expected to improve competitive rivalry between carriers and bring benefits to consumers. At the same time, as competition authorities have been concerned about, slot trading may lead to increased market concentration and power, which in turn could adversely affect competition between carriers. Nevertheless, only a limited number of papers have examined the effect of slot trading on competition. Thus, the present research examines what effects slot trading have had on route-level competition at the UK’s Gatwick and Heathrow airports by using the OAG flight data from intra-EU airports and the slot trading data in the UK from 2008 to 2009. The regression analyses yielded the following results: (1) Rival carriers have been discriminated against in slot trade in terms of the predicted probability of trading; (2) However, in spite of its apparent discriminatory nature, the slot trades among alliance carriers have contributed to slightly increased competition measured in terms of the number of effective competitors per route. In contrast, the slot trades between rival carriers had a significant negative effect on the number of effective competitors at the route level. Instead, trades between rivals seem to have contributed to the expansion of route network of carriers that acquired slots from their rival carriers. (These results seem to have some similarity with the mutual forbearance hypothesis of multimarket competition theory.) In sum, the results of the regression analyses suggest that on the one hand, slot trades among alliance members led to the increased route-level competition, and on the other hand, slot trades between rivals resulted in the creation of expanded route networks.

要旨：A regional development policy in Japan has focused on equalizing interregional difference. For achieving a policy target, Japanese government has executed attracting policy industries to the region. The net movement of population is sometimes used as one of the outcome because labor force moves to an area being able to earn higher income. A wage level associates with productivity. Nowadays, the net interregional migration is decreasing in Japan. I confirm whether the gap of interregional productivity exists or not. It is important topics for regional economist and urban planner whether it is adjusted with the gap of productivity through the movement of production factor or not. If the gap of interregional productivity does not exist, then the net movement of population decreases means the result to be adjusted with the movement of production factor (convergence). If the gap of interregional productivity exists, then the net movement of production factor decreases means to cause other factor. In this paper, I estimate regional production function and confirm whether the gap exists by comparing numerical value with real value. As a result of analysis, I have cleared that the gap of interregional productivity exists. It is mean that the net movement of population decrease in Japan does not cause to converge. As a result of empirical analysis that investigated the cause, it was clarified that it gives a big effect of interregional distribution. This is one of the big political topics in Japan's post WW2 regime.

【応用ミクロ経済学ワークショップ、国際経済学セミナーと共催】

要旨：This paper examines empirically whether collective action problems in condominiums decrease property values. Because of property co-ownership, there are problems associated with the decision-making process between the owners of units in condominiums. Further, condominium law in Japan requires a relatively high degree of unanimity in decision-making about maintenance and reconstruction, and failure to achieve unanimity potentially lowers property values. By comparing the property values of units in condominiums with rental apartments, we find that significant collective action costs exist in condominiums. In general, an increase in the number of unit owners makes it more difficult to resolve any conflicts of interest.

要旨：This study investigates coordination of binary choices on given specific social networks with incomplete information on random individual preference. Despite players' deterministic payoff is only influenced by local interaction with their neighborhoods, their strategies are affected both by direct and indirect interaction via diffusion of probabilistic belief on network. We proved that an equilibrium is robust one in which players' choices are biased to the advantageous alternative because of network externalities. Also, when uniformly distributed random preference is supposed, this model represents an unique equilibrium described by a Bonacich's centrality measure in which each player's choice is more agglomerated to the advantageous alternative if he is more central player in the network.

要旨：Long-term development of a social capability of regional preparedness against disaster requires both general knowledge and local knowledge; the former is developed to be scientific and systematized by professional researchers and practitioners, although it can not be appropriately applied in communities without the latter which includes local geographical features, characteristics of community members and theirs relationships and so on. This study formulates an economic growth model under disaster risk, where it exclusively focuses on two inherent process of knowledge development: “Opportunity-based learning (OBL)” and “Knowledge matching”. OBL is a concept that we have new findings whenever we are hit by disasters of unparalleled scales. In other words, we would never expect all the results beforehand by means of model analyses and simulations, and are therefore motivated to go for surveys immediately after disasters to obtain new problems to be solved. “Knowledge matching” is achieved by an appropriate meeting of a specialist and a community where the specialist’s expertise plays a crucial role. A search model is incorporated into the regional growth model to express the matching process of specialists and regions that results in “Knowledge matching”. The study develops a new type of Research and Development (R&D) model of innovation of disaster prevention.

要旨：This study explores the spatial pattern of industry dynamics in the counties in the Nagoya metropolitan area, Japan, during the period 1986-2006. The methods of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) are applied to investigate spatial growth clusters of the manufacturing industries as well as the services. In particular, we introduce the spatial weight matrix that reflects both geographical and technological proximity into ESDA. The descriptive results based on the spatial statistics explicitly taking into account technological proximity identify a positive association between the industrial growth more clearly than do the statistical results based only on geographical proximity. It is also found that the local spatial statistics detect the positive multilayered growth clusters with different industrial composition and geographical scales.

要旨：We extend the model of Haufler and Wooton (1996) and construct a model with three countries in which a firm selects its location. A firm can select a location country from two countries, while in the third country, there is a market for the firm and are competitive rival firms. Then, the effect of the third country's market induces the firm to locate at a closer country from the third country. On the other hand, the effect of the existence of rival firms makes the firm to locate at a further country from the third country. With this framework, we study the location behavior of the firm, and consequences of tax competition between two countries and two countries' trade union.

要旨：This paper empirically tests the relationship among wage, market potential and interregional migration using structural estimation method in the framework of economic geography. We investigate migration of manufacturing workers between 47 Japanese prefectures. As a result we find that nominal wage is positively correlated with market potential and higher real wage prefecture attracts workers.

要旨：This paper examines the effect of port competition between two ports applying a game theoretical approach. We constructed a conceptual non-cooperative game theoretical model and this study intends to empirically apply the model to a competition case between the port of Busan and the port of Kobe. The results show that Japanese government decided conversely on pricing and the timing of capacity expansion, which explains why the Kobe port has resulted in deteriorating cargo throughput over the times.