要旨：We consider location choice of Cournot oligopolist in two segmented markets with intrinsic different production cost function and entry cost. We establish they insufficiently (excessively) locate in the market with low production cost if the entry cost in the market with high production cost is (not) relatively higher.

要旨：This theoretical paper investigates whether entering a spoke or a rim route of an incumbent's hub-spoke network is preferable for entrants. The spoke market size is generally larger than the rim market size. The scales of demand for the connecting and direct routings in the rim market are different. Passengers differentiate flights of carriers. Focusing on these characteristics on the demand side, we demonstrate that it is more profitable to enter the spoke route (the rim route) when the scale of demand for the connecting route (the direct route) is comparatively larger. However, this is not always the case. We also find interesting cases where entering a route with a smaller scale of demand is comparatively profitable. Furthermore, we find that entry on the spoke route is always socially preferable.

要旨：This paper proposes a model of learning about a game. Players initially have little knowledge about the game. Through playing the identical game repeatedly, each player not only learns which action to choose but also constructs his personal view on the game. The model is studied using a hybrid payoff matrix of the prisoner's dilemma and coordination games. Results of computer simulations show (1) when all the players are slow in learning the game, they have only a partial understanding of the game, but may enjoy higher payoffs than the cases with full or no understanding of the game; (2) when one of the players is quick in learning the game, he obtains a higher payoff than the others. However, all of them can receive lower payoffs than the case where all the players are slow learners.