program

program

要旨：This paper examines empirically whether collective action problems in condominiums decrease property values. Because of property co-ownership, there are problems associated with the decision-making process between the owners of units in condominiums. Further, condominium law in Japan requires a relatively high degree of unanimity in decision-making about maintenance and reconstruction, and failure to achieve unanimity potentially lowers property values. By comparing the property values of units in condominiums with rental apartments, we find that significant collective action costs exist in condominiums. In general, an increase in the number of unit owners makes it more difficult to resolve any conflicts of interest.

要旨：This study investigates coordination of binary choices on given specific social networks with incomplete information on random individual preference. Despite players' deterministic payoff is only influenced by local interaction with their neighborhoods, their strategies are affected both by direct and indirect interaction via diffusion of probabilistic belief on network. We proved that an equilibrium is robust one in which players' choices are biased to the advantageous alternative because of network externalities. Also, when uniformly distributed random preference is supposed, this model represents an unique equilibrium described by a Bonacich's centrality measure in which each player's choice is more agglomerated to the advantageous alternative if he is more central player in the network.

要旨：Long-term development of a social capability of regional preparedness against disaster requires both general knowledge and local knowledge; the former is developed to be scientific and systematized by professional researchers and practitioners, although it can not be appropriately applied in communities without the latter which includes local geographical features, characteristics of community members and theirs relationships and so on. This study formulates an economic growth model under disaster risk, where it exclusively focuses on two inherent process of knowledge development: “Opportunity-based learning (OBL)” and “Knowledge matching”. OBL is a concept that we have new findings whenever we are hit by disasters of unparalleled scales. In other words, we would never expect all the results beforehand by means of model analyses and simulations, and are therefore motivated to go for surveys immediately after disasters to obtain new problems to be solved. “Knowledge matching” is achieved by an appropriate meeting of a specialist and a community where the specialist’s expertise plays a crucial role. A search model is incorporated into the regional growth model to express the matching process of specialists and regions that results in “Knowledge matching”. The study develops a new type of Research and Development (R&D) model of innovation of disaster prevention.

要旨：This study explores the spatial pattern of industry dynamics in the counties in the Nagoya metropolitan area, Japan, during the period 1986-2006. The methods of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) are applied to investigate spatial growth clusters of the manufacturing industries as well as the services. In particular, we introduce the spatial weight matrix that reflects both geographical and technological proximity into ESDA. The descriptive results based on the spatial statistics explicitly taking into account technological proximity identify a positive association between the industrial growth more clearly than do the statistical results based only on geographical proximity. It is also found that the local spatial statistics detect the positive multilayered growth clusters with different industrial composition and geographical scales.