Urban Economics Workshop
Venue: Room 106, Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University
Contact:
Tomoya Mori (Kyoto University)
Minoru Osawa (Kyoto University) [HP]
Tomohiro Machikita (Kyoto University) [HP]
Se-il Mun (Doshisha University) [HP]
Kakuya Matsushima (Kyoto University) [HP]
Kazuhiro Yamamoto (Osaka University)
Miwa Matsuo (Kobe University) [HP]
Category
Date
Title
Presenter/Location
Details
2018/12/21 Fri
16:30〜18:00
16:30〜18:00
Matching and agglomeration: Theory and evidence from Japanese firm-to-firm trade
宮内悠平(Stanford University)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
2018/12/21 Fri
15:00〜16:30
15:00〜16:30
Highways, high-speed railways, and the growth of Japanese cities (with Tomoya Mori)
武田航平(London School of Economics・院)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
2018/11/16 Fri
16:30〜18:00
16:30〜18:00
Natural disasters and trade: The mitigating impact of port substitution
浜野正樹(早稲田大学)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
要旨:We study the effect of natural disasters on port level exports. We model the interaction between firms and ports to study how strongly exports from one port are affected by changes in the cost of exporting at neighboring ports. We extend the standard trade model with heterogeneous firms to a multiple port structure where exporting is subject to port specific local transportation costs, port specific fixed export costs and international bilateral trade costs. We show that gravity distortion due to firm heterogeneity is conditional on the comparative advantage at the port level and resulting substitution of exports across ports. We present evidence of the substitution effect using the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, indicating that at least 40% of exports was substituted to other ports following the disaster. The substitution effects is strongest in technology intensive product categories, which suggests an interaction between supply chains and domestic trade costs.
2018/11/16 Fri
15:00〜16:30
15:00〜16:30
Inter-regional risk sharing of transport infrastructure against natural disasters
伊藤亮(東北大学)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
2018/10/19 Fri
16:30〜18:00
16:30〜18:00
Heterogeneous treatment effects of a place-based policy: The role of production networks(藤嶋翔太・菅原慎矢と共著)
星野匡郎(早稲田大学)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
2018/09/14 Fri
16:30〜18:00
16:30〜18:00
Cities and roads as pattern formation of their co-evolving dynamics on real-world landscape
青木高明(香川大学)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
要旨:Cities and roads are the fundamental infrastructures that human society has developed. Their organizations are complex phenomena involved with many natural and social factors: business, commerce, transport, politics, diplomacy, culture, landscape, climate, hydrosphere, natural resources, etc. Geographical landscape appears to be the key factor among them, but most previous modelling studies assumed an ideally homogeneous space because of so-called `for the sake of simplicity'. Here we propose a working hypothesis that co-evolving dynamics of cities and roads defined on the space of geographical landscapes reproduce the outline of real-world spatial patterns of them. To examine this hypothesis, using high resolution digital topographic databases, we evaluate the distance between locations on the natural terrains by least cost path analysis, and define a dynamical system of the cites and roads on the evaluated space, and compare the stationary state of the system with a census. In a preliminary work on Hokkaido region in Japan, we found that the integration of the natural geographical factors leads to the emergence of comparable spatial patterns to the real one, while the model also reproduces the regularly spaced, lattice-like pattern of cities as the same as the previous models on an ideally homogeneous space with a homogeneous city-size distribution. This result indicates that the natural landscape factors have important relevance on the spatial distribution of populations.
2018/09/14 Fri
15:00〜16:30
15:00〜16:30
Regional disintegration in South Asia: Evidence from the end of the British Empire on maritime networks
坪田建明(JETROアジア経済研究所)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
要旨:In the early 20th century, the British Empire primarily governed South Asia, and these regions shared similar administrations, institutions and commercial practices. After the Second World War, decolonization in South Asia became evident through the partition of India and countries gaining independence. These subsequent events can be seen as regional disintegration, and they offer a potential scope for examining the impacts of such institutional changes on maritime transport networks. By examining a new database detailing vessel movement between South Asian ports and the rest of the world from 1890 to 2000, we explore how maritime transport networks evolved in South Asia. Specifically, we compare the trends of shipping routes among ports before and after 1947. Applying the methodology developed by Redding, Sturm, and Wolf (2011) and Xu and Itoh (2017), we show that regional disintegration clearly lowered vessel movements for the routes that became international after 1947. Additionally, we examine two points; relationship with UK, and the independence of Bangladesh. For most of the cases, we find significantly negative impacts on vessel movements directly affected by regional disintegration.
2018/07/27 Fri
15:00〜17:00
15:00〜17:00
Agglomeration and industrial upgrading in cities
王驥(立命館大学・院)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
要旨:This paper aims to theoretically and empirically investigate the relationship between agglomeration and urban industrial upgrading. If the high-tech industries relied on skilled labor, R&D, and specialized services more intensively, and the major channels of agglomeration economies were labor pooling, knowledge spillovers, and sharing the specialized local services, then urban agglomerations will gain comparative advantage and relatively specialize in the production of high-tech goods. Based on the urban industrial grade index developed in this paper, the association between agglomeration and urban industrial upgrading is confirmed by a panel regression using the data of Japan cities.
2018/05/24 Thu
16:30〜18:30
16:30〜18:30
Delineating metropolitan areas with building density (with Marie-Pierre de Bellefon, Pierre-Philippe Combes, and Laurent Gobillon)
Gilles Duranton(University of Pennsylvania)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
2018/05/24 Thu
15:00〜16:30
15:00〜16:30
Spatial income inequality, spatial frictions, and endogenous occupation choice
笹原彰(University of Idaho)
京都大学経済研究所本館1階 第二共同研究室
要旨:I propose a model with multiple cities that allows inter-city interactions through costly trade, internal migrations, and firm relocation. The model features multiple sectors, heterogeneous firms, and heterogeneous workers. The comparative statics of the model focuses on three shocks: falling transport costs, declining education costs, and increasing high-skill intensities. I show that: (1) there is a non-monotonic relationship between transport costs and the spatial income inequality; (2) a structural transformation triggered by declining education costs reduces the inequality, (3) the one due to a skill-biased technological change, however, predicts the opposite. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by a panel regression using the data from 32 countries with 1,962 regions.